Author Archives: pisrt

Abstract:Background: Metabolic syndrome is characterized by abnormalities in blood pressure, blood sugar, waist circumference, and cholesterol or triglyceride levels.
Aim: The unique aspect of this study is its primary focus on determining whether there is a distinction in inflammatory markers between individuals with metabolic syndrome and those without the condition.
Material and Methods: The study included 50 patients with metabolic syndrome and 50 healthy controls. The research was conducted at Indore Index Medical College & Research Centre. After obtaining approval, the study’s researchers commenced their work. Each subject provided informed consent prior to the study. Individuals with type 1 diabetes or clinical symptoms for fewer than five years and documented T2DM duration were excluded. Healthy controls (non-metabolic syndrome) were individuals without diabetes, multivitamin use, or comorbidities.
Statistical analysis: Regressions were used to determine the relationship between two variables. Additionally, percentages were calculated. A significance level of \(p < 0.05\) was considered significant.
Conclusion: The significance of these results cannot be overstated. The study’s findings unequivocally demonstrate that both pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines contribute to the development of secondary illnesses associated with metabolic syndrome.

Abstract:Background and Aim: Corrosive gastric strictures may require more frequent dilations compared to peptic ulcer-related strictures. Strictures occurring at the distal gastric site may necessitate sufficient dilatation to prevent obstructive symptoms, but this comes with an increased risk of perforation. The aim of the study was to determine the mean duration between corrosive consumption and the development of gastric stricture.
Material and Methods: The present study analyzed data collected from patients admitted to the surgical unit of Medical College & associated hospital following corrosive ingestion. Clinical data, including a history of difficulty in swallowing, cough with expectoration, difficulty in breathing, abdominal pain, abdominal distension, vomiting, and fever, were collected. Barium swallows were performed to assess and locate the stricture site in the stomach and assess the distal flow. Intraoperative findings of corrosive strictures and the nature of the performed surgery were analyzed. Barium meal studies were conducted for all patients to locate the level of stricture in the stomach, identify associated esophageal strictures, and detect coexisting trachea-esophageal fistulas.
Results: A total of 24 patients who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria were included in the study. Among the 24 patients, 6 had hyponatremia, 5 had type I strictures, 3 had type VII strictures, and 2 had type IV strictures with hyponatremia. Type I strictures were observed in 4 patients, 1 patient had type VII, and 1 patient each had other types of strictures with hypokalemia. Hypokalemia was present in 8 patients with type I strictures, 3 with type VII, and 1 each with type IIa, type IIb, type III, and type IV strictures. Arcade-preserving antrectomy was performed in 6 patients. One patient had type IIa corrosive gastric stricture and was managed with stricturoplasty. Two patients with type IIb corrosive gastric strictures were treated with Pylorus Preserving Antrectomy. Two patients had type III corrosive gastric strictures, and they underwent circumferential sleeve resection and gastro-gastrostomy.
Conclusion: Adequate preoperative nutritional optimization and evaluation to assess the extent of injury can significantly reduce the morbidity and mortality associated with gastric corrosive strictures.

Abstract:Vitamin D is a crucial fat-soluble vitamin with various functions. Its deficiency is widespread and affects individuals of all age groups. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of Vitamin D deficiency in different age groups and genders within the East Nimar region. A total of 236 participants were included, and their Vitamin D levels were measured using a Mindray CL-900i Chemiluminescence Immunoassay Analyzer. The results were stratified by age groups and gender. Among the 236 individuals, 47.9% were males and 52.1% were females. The study revealed that 86.4% of the subjects had insufficient or deficient levels of Vitamin D, while only 13.6% had sufficient levels. Specifically, 33.5% of the cases had Vitamin D deficiency, and 57.2% had Vitamin D insufficiency. Vitamin D deficiency was observed in 51.80% of individuals with higher sun exposure and 75% of those with lower exposure. Among supplement users, 45.2% had Vitamin D deficiency, whereas among non-users, the rate was 69.58%. The findings underscore the high prevalence of Vitamin D deficiency in India. Considering the inadequate dietary intake of Vitamin D in the Indian population, measures such as food fortification, Vitamin D supplementation, and exposure to sunlight (especially in the morning) are crucial to address this issue and prevent the complications associated with Vitamin D deficiency.

Abstract:Background: The Transversus Abdominis Plane (TAP) Block is a method used for regional anaesthesia. It offers analgesia during lower abdominal surgery, especially when parietal wall pain is a significant source of discomfort. Through the local anaesthetic deposition between the Transversus Abdominis muscle and internal oblique muscle, it permits sensory blockage of the lower abdominal wall’s skin and muscles. In a hospital-based, prospective observational study we assessed the effectiveness of unilateral TAP Block with bupivacaine for postoperative analgesia in hernia repair.
Material and Methods: After institutional research ethics committee approval, the M.G.M Medical College and M.Y Hospital Anesthesiology Department will conduct this prospective randomised controlled study. Convenient sampling was used90 to randomly assign 30 patients from the American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status grade I–II, age 20–40, to three groups:
Group B (n=30) received TAP blocks on both sides with 18 ml 0.25% bupivacaine and 2 ml normal saline.
Group BM (n=30) patients received TAP blocks on both sides with 18 ml 0.25% bupivacaine, 1.5 ml (150 mg) mgso4, and 0.5 ml NS.
Group BD (n=30) patients received TAP blocks on both sides with 18 ml of 0.25% bupivacaine mixed with 2 ml of NS and 0.5 mcg/kg dexmedetomidine.
A 10-point VAS assessed post-operative analgesia. After securing intravenous lines, all patients received 10-5 ml/kg Inj. Ringer Lactate preloading injections. Premedication consisted of 0.2 mg glycopyrrolate intravenously and 4 mg ondansetron intravenously 30 minutes before surgery.
Results: Combination of 0.25% bupivacaine and 150mg magnesium sulfate and combination of 0.25% bupivacaine and 0.5mcg/kg dexmedetomidine provides longer duration of analgesia compared to 0.25% bupivacaine alone.
Conclusion: When utilized in patients undergoing inguinal hernioplasty, TAP Block with 0.25% bupivacaine offered powerful and longer duration of analgesia, with little any need for diclofenac. There were no side effects linked to TAP Block or the medications being tested.