EASL – Vol 7 – Issue 2 (2024) – PISRT https://old.pisrt.org Fri, 26 Jul 2024 05:02:48 +0000 en-US hourly 1 https://wordpress.org/?v=6.6.2 On the robustness of the Olanrewaju-Olanrewaju regression kernel-based to nonparametric kernels for Support Vector Regressor (SVR) https://old.pisrt.org/psr-press/journals/easl-vol-7-issue-2-2024/on-the-robustness-of-the-olanrewaju-olanrewaju-regression-kernel-based-to-nonparametric-kernels-for-support-vector-regressor-svr/ Wed, 24 Jul 2024 15:09:55 +0000 https://old.pisrt.org/?p=8405
EASL-Vol. 7 (2024), Issue 2, pp. 42 - 54 Open Access Full-Text PDF
Rasaki Olawale Olanrewaju, Toyin Omoyeni Oguntola, Lukman Abiodun Nafiu and Sodiq Adejare Olanrewaju
Abstract:{In this article we studied and juxtaposed nonparametric Least Square and the Olanrewaju-Olanrewaju regression-type \({L_{(O - O){\lambda _{\gamma (\left| \theta \right|)}}}}\) kernels for supervised Support Vector Regressor (SVR) machine learning of hyperplane regression in a bivariate setting. The nonparametric kernels used to expound the SVR were Bisquare, Gaussian, Triweight, Uniform, Epanechnikov, and Triangular. Lagrangian multiplier estimation technique was adopted in estimating the involved SVR hyperplane regression coefficients as well as other embedded coefficients in each of the stated kernels. In addition, point estimate of the Euclidean distance (\(r\)) and error margin (\(d\)) in each of the SVR kernels were carved-out. In demonstration to the annual birthrate and its percentage change (\(\Delta \% \)) of the Nigeria populace from 1950 to 2023, the Olanrewaju-Olanrewaju regression-type kernel for SVR robustly outperformed the nonparametric and Least Square kernel-based SVRs with a miniature Cross-Validation index of -1205.49. 5.9% and 3.2% hyperplane estimated regression coefficients from the Olanrewaju-Olanrewaju kernel-based SVR were recorded for the annual birthrate and its percentage change (\(\Delta \% \)) respectively. Interpretably, this connotes that for every one percent increment in the annual birthrate per 1000, the mean rate of the Nigeria populace from 1950 to 2023 increased by 5.9% while other variables were held constant. Similarly, its percentage change per 1000 increased by 3.2% while other variables were held constant. In recommendation, the nonparametric and Olanrewaju-Olanrewaju regression-type SVRs as well as the Least Square SVR were pinpointed for future consideration of categorical, missing and zero bivariate observations. ]]>
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Engineering and Applied Science Letter
Vol. 7 (2024), Issue 1, pp. 42 – 54
ISSN: 2617-9709 (Online) 2617-9695 (Print)
DOI: 10.30538/psrp-easl2024.0101

On the robustness of the Olanrewaju-Olanrewaju regression kernel-based to nonparametric kernels for Support Vector Regressor (SVR)

Rasaki Olawale Olanrewaju\(^{1,*}\), Toyin Omoyeni Oguntola\(^{2}\), Lukman Abiodun Nafiu\(^{3}\) and Sodiq Adejare Olanrewaju\(^{4}\)
\(^{1}\) Business Analytics Value Networks (BAVNs), Africa Business School (ABS), Mohammed VI Polytechnic University (UM6P), X4JH+QJR Avenue Mohamed Ben Abdellah Regragui, Rabat 10112, Morocco
\(^{2}\) Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Oyo State, Nigeria
\(^{3}\) School of Graduates and Research at Metropolitan International University (MIU), Kampala, Uganda
\(^{4}\) Department of Statistics, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, University of Ibadan, 900001, Oyo State, Nigeria

Copyright © 2024 Rasaki Olawale Olanrewaju, Toyin Omoyeni Oguntola, Lukman Abiodun Nafiu and Sodiq Adejare Olanrewaju. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Received: May 01, 2024 – Accepted: June 12, 2024 – Published: June 30, 2024

Abstract

Rasaki Olawale Olanrewaju, Toyin Omoyeni Oguntola, Lukman Abiodun Nafiu and Sodiq Adejare Olanrewaju

Abstract:{In this article we studied and juxtaposed nonparametric Least Square and the Olanrewaju-Olanrewaju regression-type \({L_{(O – O){\lambda _{\gamma (\left| \theta \right|)}}}}\) kernels for supervised Support Vector Regressor (SVR) machine learning of hyperplane regression in a bivariate setting. The nonparametric kernels used to expound the SVR were Bisquare, Gaussian, Triweight, Uniform, Epanechnikov, and Triangular. Lagrangian multiplier estimation technique was adopted in estimating the involved SVR hyperplane regression coefficients as well as other embedded coefficients in each of the stated kernels. In addition, point estimate of the Euclidean distance (\(r\)) and error margin (\(d\)) in each of the SVR kernels were carved-out. In demonstration to the annual birthrate and its percentage change (\(\Delta \% \)) of the Nigeria populace from 1950 to 2023, the Olanrewaju-Olanrewaju regression-type kernel for SVR robustly outperformed the nonparametric and Least Square kernel-based SVRs with a miniature Cross-Validation index of -1205.49. 5.9% and 3.2% hyperplane estimated regression coefficients from the Olanrewaju-Olanrewaju kernel-based SVR were recorded for the annual birthrate and its percentage change (\(\Delta \% \)) respectively. Interpretably, this connotes that for every one percent increment in the annual birthrate per 1000, the mean rate of the Nigeria populace from 1950 to 2023 increased by 5.9% while other variables were held constant. Similarly, its percentage change per 1000 increased by 3.2% while other variables were held constant. In recommendation, the nonparametric and Olanrewaju-Olanrewaju regression-type SVRs as well as the Least Square SVR were pinpointed for future consideration of categorical, missing and zero bivariate observations.

Keywords:

Kernels, Lagrangian Multiplier, Least Square, Olanrewaju-Olanrewaju Regression-Type, Nonparametric Regression, Support Vector Regressor (SVR)
]]> Dose response Hill model for the arsenic contamination in the groundwater samples of the Lakhimpur district of Uttar Pradesh https://old.pisrt.org/psr-press/journals/easl-vol-7-issue-2-2024/dose-response-hill-model-for-the-arsenic-contamination-in-the-groundwater-samples-of-the-lakhimpur-district-of-uttar-pradesh/ Wed, 24 Jul 2024 14:50:11 +0000 https://old.pisrt.org/?p=8403
EASL-Vol. 7 (2024), Issue 2, pp. 29 – 41 Open Access Full-Text PDF
Sudhanshu Aggarwal and Lalit Mohan Upadhyaya
Abstract:An experimental study conducted by Ankit Kumar and colleagues (Kumar, Gupta, Pandey, Govil, and Patel, “Status of Arsenic Contamination in District Lakhimpur, Uttar Pradesh, India,” in Emerging Trends in Science, Social Science and Engineering, edited by Aggarwal, Pandey, Naik, Mishra, Raj, Tripathi, and Shukla, pp. 60-73, ISBN 9789358380125, Astitva Prakashan, Bilaspur, Chhattisgarh) has identified significant levels of arsenic contamination in the groundwater of Lakhimpur district, Uttar Pradesh. Their findings indicate that arsenic levels are notably higher in the shallow regions compared to the deeper India Mark II regions across eight selected study sites. Building on these findings, this paper aims to apply a dose-response Hill model to analyze and explain the observed patterns of arsenic contamination in the groundwater resources of Lakhimpur district. ]]>
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Engineering and Applied Science Letter
Vol. 7 (2024), Issue 2, pp. 29 – 41
ISSN: 2617-9709 (Online) 2617-9695 (Print)
DOI: 10.30538/psrp-easl2024.0100

Dose response Hill model for the arsenic contamination in the groundwater samples of the Lakhimpur district of Uttar Pradesh

Sudhanshu Aggarwal\(^{1}\) and Lalit Mohan Upadhyaya\(^2,*\)
\(^{1}\) Department of Mathematics, National Post Graduate College, Barhalganj, Gorakhpur, Uttar Pradesh -273402, India
\(^{2}\) Department of Mathematics, Municipal Post Graduate College, Mussoorie, Dehradun, Uttarakhand -248179, India

Copyright © 2024 Sudhanshu Aggarwal and Lalit Mohan Upadhyaya. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Received: March 21, 2024 – Accepted: June 12, 2024 – Published: June 30, 2024

Abstract

An experimental study conducted by Ankit Kumar and colleagues (Kumar, Gupta, Pandey, Govil, and Patel, “Status of Arsenic Contamination in District Lakhimpur, Uttar Pradesh, India,” in Emerging Trends in Science, Social Science and Engineering, edited by Aggarwal, Pandey, Naik, Mishra, Raj, Tripathi, and Shukla, pp. 60-73, ISBN 9789358380125, Astitva Prakashan, Bilaspur, Chhattisgarh) has identified significant levels of arsenic contamination in the groundwater of Lakhimpur district, Uttar Pradesh. Their findings indicate that arsenic levels are notably higher in the shallow regions compared to the deeper India Mark II regions across eight selected study sites. Building on these findings, this paper aims to apply a dose-response Hill model to analyze and explain the observed patterns of arsenic contamination in the groundwater resources of Lakhimpur district.

Keywords:

arsenic; arsenic contamination; regression; DR Hill model; Hill slope; regression.
]]> Emerging trends of nanomaterials synthesis using bos taurus urine https://old.pisrt.org/psr-press/journals/easl-vol-7-issue-2-2024/emerging-trends-of-nanomaterials-synthesis-using-bos-taurus-urine/ Tue, 23 Jul 2024 16:31:19 +0000 https://old.pisrt.org/?p=8398
EASL-Vol. 7 (2024), Issue 2, pp. 14 – 28 Open Access Full-Text PDF
Sampada B. Warake, Prashant D Sarvalkar, Neeraj R. Prasad, Avinash A. Ramteke, Kiran K Sharma
Abstract:The ability of organisms or organic compounds to reduce metal ions and stabilize them into nanoparticles is known as green synthesis. Various synthesis methods have been developed, each with its own advantages and drawbacks. In recent years, nanomaterials have found extensive applications in biological sciences, particularly in health and veterinary medicine. For these applications, it is crucial that nanomaterials are biocompatible and non-toxic. Consequently, researchers have increasingly focused on biological synthesis routes. Drawing inspiration from the ancient Indian system of medicine, Ayurveda, some researchers have recently synthesized nanomaterials using Indian cow urine. This review aims to catalog the various nanomaterials produced using Indian cow urine and to discuss their catalytic and biological activities. ]]>
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Engineering and Applied Science Letter
Vol. 7 (2024), Issue 2, pp. 14 – 28
ISSN: 2617-9709 (Online) 2617-9695 (Print)
DOI: 10.30538/psrp-easl2024.0099

Exploring effective iterative methods for nonlinear equations by using variational iteration technique

Sampada B. Warake\(^{1}\), Prashant D Sarvalkar\(^{2}\), Neeraj R. Prasad\(^{2}\), Avinash A. Ramteke\(^{1,*}\), Kiran K Sharma\(^{2}\)
\(^{1}\) Department of Chemistry, Devchand College, Arjunnagar-591237, Dist. – Kolhapur, Maharashtra, India
\(^{2}\) Nanoscience and Technology, Shivaji University Kolhapur, India

Copyright © 2024 Sampada B. Warake, Prashant D Sarvalkar, Neeraj R. Prasad, Avinash A. Ramteke, Kiran K Sharma. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Received: April 07, 2024 – Accepted: June 12, 2024 – Published: June 30, 2024

Abstract

The ability of organisms or organic compounds to reduce metal ions and stabilize them into nanoparticles is known as green synthesis. Various synthesis methods have been developed, each with its own advantages and drawbacks. In recent years, nanomaterials have found extensive applications in biological sciences, particularly in health and veterinary medicine. For these applications, it is crucial that nanomaterials are biocompatible and non-toxic. Consequently, researchers have increasingly focused on biological synthesis routes. Drawing inspiration from the ancient Indian system of medicine, Ayurveda, some researchers have recently synthesized nanomaterials using Indian cow urine. This review aims to catalog the various nanomaterials produced using Indian cow urine and to discuss their catalytic and biological activities.

Keywords:

Bos taurus urine, Bio-synthesis, Nanomaterials, Biological activity, Catalytic efficacy
]]> Mathematical algorithms for perpetual ethiopian calendar(e.c.)and similar calendars https://old.pisrt.org/psr-press/journals/easl-vol-7-issue-2-2024/mathematical-algorithms-for-perpetual-ethiopian-calendare-c-and-similar-calendars/ Tue, 23 Jul 2024 15:57:41 +0000 https://old.pisrt.org/?p=8393
EASL-Vol. 7 (2024), Issue 2, pp. 1 – 13 Open Access Full-Text PDF
Aschale Moges Belay and Snehashish Chakraverty
Abstract:This study focused on developing mathematical algorithms for the perpetual Ethiopian calendar and similar calendars. The primary objective was to demonstrate the methodology for creating these algorithms. The research identified that arithmetic progression, ceiling function, congruence modulo, floor function, and Bahre Hasabe are fundamental concepts necessary for this development. Utilizing these concepts, the study successfully developed mathematical algorithms for the perpetual Ethiopian calendar and analogous calendars. ]]>
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Engineering and Applied Science Letter
Vol. 7 (2024), Issue 2, pp. 1 – 13
ISSN: 2617-9709 (Online) 2617-9695 (Print)
DOI: 10.30538/psrp-easl2024.0098

Mathematical algorithms for perpetual Ethiopian calendar(e.c.)and similar calendars

Aschale Moges Belay\(^{1}\) and Snehashish Chakraverty\(^2,*\)
\(^{1}\) Department of Mathematics, Debark University, P.O.Box 90, Ethiopia
\(^{2}\) Department of Mathematics, NIT Rourkela, India

Copyright © 2024 Aschale Moges Belay and Snehashish Chakraverty. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Received: March 24, 2024 – Accepted: June 22, 2024 – Published: June 30, 2024

Abstract

This study focused on developing mathematical algorithms for the perpetual Ethiopian calendar and similar calendars. The primary objective was to demonstrate the methodology for creating these algorithms. The research identified that arithmetic progression, ceiling function, congruence modulo, floor function, and Bahre Hasabe are fundamental concepts necessary for this development. Utilizing these concepts, the study successfully developed mathematical algorithms for the perpetual Ethiopian calendar and analogous calendars.

Keywords:

Arithmetic progression; Bahre Hasabe; Ceiling function; Congruence modulo; Ethiopian calendar; Fasting dates; Floor function; Holidays
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