Engineering and Applied Science Letter
Vol. 7 (2024), Issue 2, pp. 14 – 28
ISSN: 2617-9709 (Online) 2617-9695 (Print)
DOI: 10.30538/psrp-easl2024.0099

Exploring effective iterative methods for nonlinear equations by using variational iteration technique

Sampada B. Warake\(^{1}\), Prashant D Sarvalkar\(^{2}\), Neeraj R. Prasad\(^{2}\), Avinash A. Ramteke\(^{1,*}\), Kiran K Sharma\(^{2}\)
\(^{1}\) Department of Chemistry, Devchand College, Arjunnagar-591237, Dist. – Kolhapur, Maharashtra, India
\(^{2}\) Nanoscience and Technology, Shivaji University Kolhapur, India

Abstract

The ability of organisms or organic compounds to reduce metal ions and stabilize them into nanoparticles is known as green synthesis. Various synthesis methods have been developed, each with its own advantages and drawbacks. In recent years, nanomaterials have found extensive applications in biological sciences, particularly in health and veterinary medicine. For these applications, it is crucial that nanomaterials are biocompatible and non-toxic. Consequently, researchers have increasingly focused on biological synthesis routes. Drawing inspiration from the ancient Indian system of medicine, Ayurveda, some researchers have recently synthesized nanomaterials using Indian cow urine. This review aims to catalog the various nanomaterials produced using Indian cow urine and to discuss their catalytic and biological activities.

Keywords:

Bos taurus urine, Bio-synthesis, Nanomaterials, Biological activity, Catalytic efficacy