OMS-Vol. 4 (2020), Issue 1, pp. 118 – 125 Open Access Full-Text PDF

Abstract: This work presents a mathematical model that investigates the impact of smokers on the transmission dynamics of smoking behavior in the Indonesian population. The population is classified into three classes: potential smokers, smokers, and ex-smokers. This model is described by non-linear differential equations using fractional quantities instead of actual populations by scaling the population of each class by the total population. There is also the density-dependent and density-independent death rate in the model to accommodate the difference between the death rate of potential smokers, smokers, and ex-smokers. In this model, two equilibrium points are found. One of them is the smoking-free equilibrium and the other relates to the presence of smoking. Then, the local stability of both equilibrium points is examined. Lastly, numerical simulations are carried out to illustrate the sensitivity of the smoker class to the parameters: the rate of non-smokers become smokers, the rate of smokers become smokers, also the rate of ex-smokers re-adapt smoking habit. The result of this paper can be considered to make a policy to reduce the number of smokers in Indonesia.

OMS-Vol. 4 (2020), Issue 1, pp. 110 – 117 Open Access Full-Text PDF

Abstract: In this article, we revisit the axioms of JU-algebras previously recognizable as ‘pseudo KU-algebras’, which we may call as ‘weak KU-algebras’ and discussed the definitions of some of their substructures. We also associate this class of algebras with the classes of BE-algebras and UP-algebras. In addition, we introduce and analyze some new classes of ideals in this class of algebras.